What Are Silver Plate Makers Marks?
Silver plate makers marks are engravings or stamps found on silver-plated items that identify the manufacturer or the company that produced the piece. Unlike solid silver, which is marked with a hallmark indicating its purity, silver plate items bear different types of marks that can vary widely in design and information.
Importance of Makers Marks
1. Identification: Marks help identify the manufacturer of the item, which can reveal important information about its quality, age, and potential value.
2. Authenticity: Knowing the maker can help authenticate the piece, distinguishing genuine silver plate from imitation or lower-quality products.
3. Dating: Many marks can be dated, allowing collectors to ascertain the approximate time period when the item was produced.
4. Research and Provenance: Marks can provide a starting point for further research into the history of the item and its previous owners.
How to Read Silver Plate Makers Marks
Understanding how to read and interpret these marks is crucial for collectors and enthusiasts. Here are some key elements to look for:
Common Elements Found in Marks
- Company Name: Most marks will include the name of the manufacturer, which may be abbreviated or presented in full.
- Symbol or Logo: Many manufacturers have unique symbols or logos that accompany their names, which can assist in identification.
- Country of Origin: Especially for pieces made in the 19th and 20th centuries, the country of origin may be included in the mark.
- Metal Quality Indicators: While silver plate does not have a fineness mark like solid silver, some marks may indicate the type or quality of the plating (e.g., "EPNS" for electroplated nickel silver).
Examples of Common Marks
Here are a few notable manufacturers and their associated marks:
1. Gorham: Often features a lion, a shield, and the word "Gorham" along with a date mark.
2. Reed & Barton: Typically includes the company name along with an intricate design that may feature a crown.
3. International Silver Company: Commonly uses a simple "IS" within a circle or shield.
4. Sheffield Plate: May include a variety of marks, often indicating the year of production.
Types of Silver Plate
Silver plating can be achieved through various methods, each having its implications for the marks used and the quality of the finished product.
Common Types of Silver Plating
- Electroplating: This is the most common method, where a thin layer of silver is deposited onto a base metal using electricity. Items marked "EP" or "EPNS" (Electro Plated Nickel Silver) indicate this method.
- Sheffield Plate: A process developed in the 18th century where sheets of silver are fused with a base metal. Items may be marked with "Sheffield" or similar terms.
- Bristol Plate: This method involves a thicker layer of silver and is often used for higher-quality pieces.
Historical Context of English Silver Plate
The tradition of silver plating in England dates back to the 18th century and has evolved significantly over the years. Understanding this historical context can enhance the appreciation of the marks found on silver plate items.
Key Historical Developments
- 18th Century: The Sheffield plate was developed, leading to the rise of many manufacturers in the Sheffield area.
- 19th Century: The advent of electroplating revolutionized silver plate production, making it more accessible and affordable.
- 20th Century: Many traditional manufacturers either adapted to new methods or faced closure, leading to a decline in the craftsmanship associated with earlier silver plate.
How to Collect and Care for Silver Plate Items
Collecting silver plate can be a rewarding hobby, but it also requires proper care to maintain the beauty and integrity of the pieces.
Tips for Collecting Silver Plate
1. Research: Familiarize yourself with different makers marks and types of silver plate.
2. Condition: Always inspect pieces for wear, tarnish, or damage before purchasing.
3. Provenance: Whenever possible, learn about the history of the piece, which can add to its value and significance.
Caring for Your Silver Plate Collection
- Cleaning: Use a soft cloth and a non-abrasive silver cleaner to prevent scratching.
- Storage: Store items in a cool, dry place, preferably wrapped in acid-free tissue paper to prevent tarnishing.
- Display: When displaying silver plate items, avoid direct sunlight to reduce the risk of tarnishing.
Conclusion
Understanding English silver plate makers marks is not just about identifying the manufacturer; it is about connecting with a rich history of craftsmanship and artistry. By learning to read these marks and appreciating the context in which they were created, collectors can gain deeper insights into their pieces and the stories they tell. Whether you are a seasoned collector or a newcomer to the world of silver plate, knowing about these marks enhances the enjoyment and significance of your collection.
Frequently Asked Questions
What are English silver plate makers marks?
English silver plate makers marks are symbols or inscriptions stamped on silver plated items to identify the manufacturer or silversmith who produced the piece.
How can I identify the maker of my English silver plate?
To identify the maker, look for the marks on the bottom or back of the item. You can then cross-reference these marks with online databases or reference books on silver plate makers.
What is the difference between silver plate and sterling silver?
Silver plate is a thin layer of silver applied over a base metal, while sterling silver is an alloy containing 92.5% silver and is more valuable and durable.
Are there specific guides for English silver plate makers marks?
Yes, there are several guides and books, such as 'The Dictionary of Silver Plate' and online resources, that catalog makers marks and provide historical context.
What should I do if my English silver plate is tarnished?
To clean tarnished silver plate, use a silver polish specifically designed for plated items, and avoid abrasive materials to prevent damage to the silver layer.
Can I find the age of my English silver plate using the makers mark?
Yes, many makers marks include information indicating the period in which the item was produced, which can help you estimate its age.
What are some common English silver plate makers to look for?
Some well-known English silver plate makers include Elkington & Co., Walker & Hall, and James Dixon & Sons, among others.
