Understanding Engine Oil Types
Subaru vehicles can operate with various types of engine oils, each designed to meet specific performance standards. Here’s a breakdown of the common types of engine oil available:
1. Conventional Oil
- Definition: Conventional oil is derived from refining crude oil.
- Benefits: It is generally less expensive than synthetic oil and provides decent protection for older engines.
- Drawbacks: This type of oil breaks down more quickly, especially in extreme temperatures, and may not provide the same level of protection as synthetic oils.
2. Synthetic Oil
- Definition: Synthetic oil is chemically engineered to provide superior performance.
- Benefits:
- Better temperature stability, making it effective in both hot and cold climates.
- Enhanced lubrication properties, reducing engine wear.
- Longer intervals between oil changes.
- Drawbacks: Higher cost compared to conventional oil, but the benefits often outweigh the price.
3. Synthetic Blend Oil
- Definition: A mixture of synthetic and conventional oils.
- Benefits:
- Combines the benefits of both types, offering better protection than conventional oil while being more affordable than full synthetic.
- Drawbacks: While it offers improved performance over conventional oil, it may not match the longevity and performance of full synthetic oils.
4. High Mileage Oil
- Definition: Designed for vehicles with over 75,000 miles.
- Benefits:
- Contains additives that help reduce oil consumption and minimize leaks.
- Provides enhanced protection for older engines with wear and tear.
- Drawbacks: It is not necessary for all vehicles, and using it in a low-mileage engine may not provide any additional benefits.
Choosing the Right Engine Oil for Your Subaru
Selecting the appropriate engine oil for your Subaru depends on several factors, including the model year, engine type, and driving conditions. Here’s how to make an informed decision:
1. Consult the Owner's Manual
- Always refer to your vehicle’s owner’s manual for the manufacturer’s recommendations.
- Look for the specific oil viscosity grades and specifications required for your engine.
2. Consider the Viscosity Grade
- Viscosity refers to the thickness of the oil, which affects its ability to flow and lubricate engine parts.
- Common viscosity grades for Subaru engines include:
- 0W-20: Recommended for most newer models, offering excellent fuel economy and cold start protection.
- 5W-30: Suitable for a range of temperatures and common in older models.
3. Look for Certifications
- Ensure that the oil meets or exceeds the API (American Petroleum Institute) and ILSAC (International Lubricant Standardization and Approval Committee) standards.
- Subaru recommends using oils that meet the API SN or newer specifications.
Benefits of Regular Oil Changes
Regular oil changes are vital for maintaining the health of your Subaru's engine. Here’s why:
1. Improved Engine Performance
- Fresh oil provides better lubrication, resulting in smoother engine operation and improved fuel efficiency.
2. Reduced Engine Wear
- Over time, engine oil becomes contaminated with dirt, metal particles, and sludge. Regular changes remove these harmful substances, protecting engine components and prolonging their lifespan.
3. Enhanced Fuel Efficiency
- Clean engine oil reduces friction, allowing the engine to operate more efficiently and potentially improving fuel economy.
4. Better Temperature Regulation
- Regular oil changes ensure that the oil can effectively dissipate heat, preventing overheating and damage to engine components.
When to Change Your Subaru Engine Oil
The frequency of oil changes can vary based on several factors, including the type of oil used, driving conditions, and manufacturer recommendations. Here are some guidelines:
1. Follow Manufacturer Recommendations
- Typically, Subaru recommends changing the oil every 6,000 miles or 6 months, whichever comes first, for vehicles using synthetic oil.
- Conventional oil may require more frequent changes, typically every 3,000 to 5,000 miles.
2. Consider Driving Conditions
- Severe driving conditions, such as frequent short trips, towing, or driving in extreme temperatures, may necessitate more frequent oil changes.
- If your driving habits include heavy traffic or off-road conditions, consider changing your oil every 3,000 to 5,000 miles.
3. Monitor Oil Levels
- Regularly check the oil level and condition using the dipstick.
- If you notice the oil level is low or the oil appears dirty, it’s time for a change, regardless of mileage.
DIY Oil Change: Step-by-Step Guide
Performing an oil change on your Subaru can be a rewarding and cost-effective task. Here’s a simple step-by-step guide:
1. Gather Your Supplies
- New oil (refer to your owner’s manual for the type and quantity)
- New oil filter
- Oil filter wrench
- Socket set or wrench
- Oil drain pan
- Funnel
- Rags or paper towels
2. Prepare Your Vehicle
- Park your Subaru on a level surface and engage the parking brake.
- If necessary, raise the front end of the vehicle using jack stands for better access.
3. Drain the Old Oil
- Place the oil drain pan under the oil pan and remove the drain plug using a socket wrench.
- Allow the old oil to completely drain into the pan.
4. Replace the Oil Filter
- Use an oil filter wrench to remove the old oil filter.
- Apply a small amount of new oil to the rubber gasket of the new filter, then install it.
5. Add New Oil
- Reinstall the drain plug and tighten it securely.
- Using a funnel, pour the new oil into the engine through the oil filler cap.
6. Check Oil Level
- After adding oil, wait a few minutes, then check the oil level using the dipstick.
- Add more oil if necessary to reach the recommended level.
7. Dispose of Old Oil Properly
- Take the old oil and oil filter to a recycling center or an auto parts store that accepts used oil.
Conclusion
Following this Subaru engine oil guide will help you make informed decisions about the best engine oil for your vehicle, ensuring optimal performance and longevity. Regular oil changes and using the right type of oil are essential practices that contribute to the overall health of your Subaru's engine. By taking the time to understand your vehicle's needs and maintaining it properly, you can enjoy many years of reliable service from your Subaru.
Frequently Asked Questions
What type of engine oil is recommended for Subaru vehicles?
Subaru typically recommends using synthetic 0W-20 engine oil for most of its newer models, as it provides optimal engine performance and fuel efficiency.
How often should I change the engine oil in my Subaru?
It is generally recommended to change the engine oil every 6,000 miles or 6 months, whichever comes first. However, always refer to your owner's manual for specific guidelines.
Can I use conventional oil instead of synthetic oil in my Subaru?
While you can use conventional oil, it is not recommended for newer Subaru models as they are designed to operate best with synthetic oil, which offers better protection and performance.
What is the oil capacity for Subaru engines?
The oil capacity varies by model and engine type, but most Subaru engines require between 5 to 6 quarts of oil, including the oil filter. Always check the owner’s manual for the exact capacity.
Are there any specific oil brands recommended for Subaru vehicles?
Subaru does not endorse specific brands, but reputable synthetic oil brands like Mobil 1, Castrol, and Valvoline are commonly recommended among Subaru owners.
What should I do if I accidentally use the wrong oil in my Subaru?
If you accidentally use the wrong oil, it is best to change it as soon as possible to avoid potential engine damage. Consult a professional mechanic for assistance if needed.
